IELTS Reading C7-3-1
剑七第三套第一篇 精读笔记
Paragraph1Creature 生物
Springtomind 让人突然想起
Springtolife 突然活跃起来=beactivated(C5-T2-P2)
Ape 猿 Sufficiently 足够滴,充分滴
Complex 复杂的
Hint 暗示
Considerable 巨大的,可观的
Scrutiny 监视,细看;周密的调查
Demonstrate 表现,展现
Show 展示
Reveal 反映,显示
Spark 火花;引起(当动词用)
Cognition 认知,认识
Recognition 认识,认知
Awareness 意识
Knowledge 知道
Perception 感知
Reject 拒绝=refuse
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Repel 击退;排斥
In case of... Be compared to... Visual Vision Visible Visibility Invisible Visitor (可见,vi-与视觉有关) Auditory Audience Auditorium (可见,audi-与听觉有关)
Channel 海峡;渠道=method
Religious 宗教的
Chant 唱词
Jingle 广告歌,圣诞歌
Slogan 口号
Martial 军事的
Arouse 引起,激发,唤起
Embarrassment 尴尬
Fungi(单数形式为 fungus)菌
Raiseaphid 养殖蚜虫
Livestock 牲口,牲畜
Launch 发起,发动=introduce
Spray 喷射,喷雾
Alarm 警告
Confuse 迷惑
Capture 俘虏,抓获
Engage in 参与=beinvolvedin
Child labour 童工
Ceaselessly=incessantly 不停滴 cease-less-ly
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Cultural transmission 文化传播
Encode 编码
Instinct 本能
Cultural continuity 文化延续性
Master 大师(名词);掌握(动词)
Craft 手艺 (常与如下单词同义替换) =technique 工艺,技术 =method 方法 =skill 技巧 =expertise 专业技能,专业知识
Overtake 赶上,超过
Agribusiness=agriculture+business 农业产业,农业经济
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Sustainable 可持续的;sustainability 可持续性
Ruin=damage 破坏
Enormous 大量的,巨大的=huge
Sophisticated 精密的,先进的 =advanced 发达的,先进的
Adaptable 适应性强的
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Digest 消化(动词);digestion(名词);digestive(形容词)
Cellulose 纤维素
Cultivate 培养
Source of food 食物来源 Source of income 收入来源
Secrete 分泌(动词) ;secretion 分泌物
Antibiotics 抗生素 Anti-表示“反抗”,比如 Anticancer 抗癌药 Anti-globalization 反全球化 Anti-virus 抗病毒药 Antioxidant 抗氧化剂
Bio-表示“生物”,比如 Biology 生物学 Biologist 生物学家 Biochemical 生物化学的 biotechnology 生物技术 Biofuel 生物燃料
Actas 扮演。 。。角色,起。 。。作用
Serve as 担任,充当,起。。。作用
Weed 杂草
Fertilise 施肥;使。。。受精,使。。。授粉;fertility 肥沃,生育能力;fertiliser 肥料
本段话原文与 summary 题目同义转述的对应:
1. 原文: Ants can’t digest the cellulose in leaves---but some fungi can.The ants, therefore, cultivate these fungi in their nests, bringing them leaves to feed on, and then use the mesa source of food. 题目: The ants cultivate a large number of different species of edible fungi which convert cellulose into a form which they can digest. (横线处为题目里须填的单词)
2. 原文: Farmer ants secrete antibiotics to control other fungi that might act as ‘weeds’, and spread waste to fertilise the crop.
题目: They use their own natural secretions as weed-killer sandal souse unwanted materials as fertilizers. (横线处为题目里须填的单词)
温暖提示:summary withword-list 题型里,需要选择的单词既可以与文中单词一致,也
可以是原文中某单词的同根变型词,也可以是原文中某单词的同义词,还可以是原文中某层 意思的一个总结词或短语。而 summary without word-list 则必然要填原文原词。
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Propagate 传播;繁殖
Genetically 从基因学上,遗传地;
gene 基因,遗传;
genetic 遗传的 注:本段中的
genetically 以及 DNA analysis 都是与题目里的 genetic analysis 对应。
Screen(动词)筛查,检查
Diverse 多样的;diversity 多样性;diversification 多样化(名) ;diversify 多样化(动)
Domesticate(动词)驯养,教化;domestic(形容词)国内的,家庭的(阅读考试更多考察 “家庭”这个意项)
Impressively 令人难忘地,令人印象深刻地
Modify 修改,更改;修饰 genetically modified food 转基因食品 阅读常考的另外几个表达“改变”的词: Change; shift; revise; convert; transform Regularly 有规律地,定期地 Swap 交易,用。。。作交换
Strain 血统;(动植物)品种
Neighbour 邻居(名词);与。。。相邻,邻近(动词)
本段中原文与 summary 题目同义替换对照形式: 原文: Even more impressively, DNA analysis of the fungi suggests that the ants improve or modify the fungi by regularly swapping and sharing strains with neighbouring colonies.
题目: Genetic analysis shows they constantly upgrade these fungi by developing new species and by exchanging species with neighbouring ant colonies. DNA analysis=genetic analysis Suggests=shows Improve or modify= upgrade Regularly=constantly Swapping and sharing=exchanging Strains=species 温暖提示:题目里 and 前面一个 by developing 的介宾短语暗示我们,and 后面也有一个类似 的介宾短语,即后一个 by 后面也应该填一个动名词(doing)。
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Whereas 然而(表示比较的连词)
Prehistoric 史前的
Have no exposure to sth./doing sth. 没有暴露于。。 。/没有接触。。。 E.g. Children who have exposure to excessive video games must be good at playing it.
Urban lifestyle 城市生活方式=city life(T/F/NG 第二题)
Forcing house 温室,温床=factor(T/F/NG 第二题) 其它表示“原因”的表达再如: Cause; factor;reason;culprit;drivingforce;
Intelligence 智力
Settings=surroundings=environment 环境,情境
Closeon=nearly 差不多,接近
Maintain=keep 保留,维持
Specialised 专门的,专业的
Chamber=room 房间,室
Tunnel 隧道,通道
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Be amazed at 惊叹于。。。
Accomplish=achieve 实现,完成 accomplishment 成就
Magnificent 宏大的,壮观的
Super-colony 超级王国
Megalopolis=mega city 大都市
Hokkaido 北海道
Be composed of=consist of 由。 。。构成
Interconnected 交错的,相互贯通的
Territory 领土,领地
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Enduring 持久的
Intricately=complicatedly 复杂地
Meshed 网状地
Outstrip=surpass=overtake 超过,跑过
Masterpiece 代表作,杰作
Hail 欢呼,宣称
Primitive 原始的,粗陋的 Primal 原始的 Primaeval 原始的=primeval(美式)
Albeit of 虽然
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Forage=seekfood 觅食
Navigate=find one’s way 导航
Integrate=整合
Bearings 方向
Combine。。。With。。。把。 。。与。。。结合
Mentallibrary=memory 记忆
Framework 框架,结构
Consult 咨询,问询 本段原文与判断题同义转述对照:
原文:...desert ants return from a foraging trip, they navigate by integrating bearings and distances, which they continually update in their head.
题目:some ants can find their way by making calculations based on distance and position. (T/F/NG 第四道)
Desert ants=some ants Navigate=find their way Integrating=making calculations Bearings=position
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Programme 项目
Transmit 传送
Scout 侦察员
Maze 迷宫,迷惑
Mobilise 移动,动员
Remove 去除,移除
Observe 观察
Proceed 行进,前行
Elaborate 详尽的,精心安排的(形容词);详尽阐述(动词)
Precaution 预防 Prevent。。。From。 。。防止。 。。做。。。
Odour=smell 气味
Clue 线索
Sequence 序列,顺序
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Exhaustive 彻底的,详尽的;注意区别意义大相径庭的另外两个同根词:exhausting 令人精 疲力尽的;exhausted 感到疲惫的 Exhaustive=complete=elaborate
Beattachedto...依附于。。。 ; 依恋
E.g.1)Some Starbucks are built above the subway station, attached to convenient hostels. (依。。。而建) 2)She is attached to reading Harry Potter.(依恋,迷恋)
Individual 个人
Paintspot 颜色点出
Mark 作记号,标记(动词);记号,分数(名词)